[MM-37984] Allow Desktop App to authenticate via external providers outside of the app on supported servers (#23795)

* WIP

* Add rate limiting for desktop token API

* Missing mocks

* Style fixes

* Update snapshots

* Maybe use an actual redirect link :P

* Refactoring for tests

* Add tests for server

* Fix lint issue

* Fix tests

* Fix lint

* Add front-end screen component

* Component logic

* Style changes

* Quick style fix

* Lint fixes

* Initial PR feedback

* Enable logging into the browser as well when completing the login process

* Refactor to push more logic to the other component

* Remove unnecessary helper code

* Fix i18n

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Co-authored-by: Mattermost Build <build@mattermost.com>

server/channels/db/migrations/migrations.list

@@ -218,6 +218,8 @@ channels/db/migrations/mysql/000108_remove_orphaned_oauth_preferences.down.sql
 channels/db/migrations/mysql/000108_remove_orphaned_oauth_preferences.up.sql
 channels/db/migrations/mysql/000109_create_persistent_notifications.down.sql
 channels/db/migrations/mysql/000109_create_persistent_notifications.up.sql
+channels/db/migrations/mysql/000110_create_desktop_tokens.down.sql
+channels/db/migrations/mysql/000110_create_desktop_tokens.up.sql
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000001_create_teams.down.sql
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000001_create_teams.up.sql
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000002_create_team_members.down.sql
@@ -436,3 +438,5 @@ channels/db/migrations/postgres/000108_remove_orphaned_oauth_preferences.down.sq
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000108_remove_orphaned_oauth_preferences.up.sql
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000109_create_persistent_notifications.down.sql
 channels/db/migrations/postgres/000109_create_persistent_notifications.up.sql
+channels/db/migrations/postgres/000110_create_desktop_tokens.down.sql
+channels/db/migrations/postgres/000110_create_desktop_tokens.up.sql